Historical bird plates

Audubon, The Birds of America · Plate 45

Alder Flycatcher and Willow Flycatcher

Printed “Traill's Flycatcher”

Plate 45 of Audubon's The Birds of America: Alder Flycatcher (Empidonax alnorum) and Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)
Full resolutionCourtesy of the John James Audubon Center at Mill Grove, Montgomery County Audubon Collection, and Zebra Publishing.

Printed on the plate

“Traill's Flycatcher”

Plant Vulgo, Sweet Gum. | Liquidamber Styraciflua.

Modern identification

Printed “Traill's Flycatcher”

Alder Flycatcher

Empidonax alnorum

  • Judged
  • Drawn before a split
  • Tyrant Flycatchers · Tyrannidae

Why

Audubon's “Traill's Flycatcher” (Muscicapa traillii) is Traill's Flycatcher before the 1973 split: Halley (2025) shows that his one bird, shot at Arkansas Post on 17 April 1822 when both species are on migration there, cannot be named as an Alder or a Willow Flycatcher, so the plate is listed under both

Sources

engraved legend; Halley, Bull. B.O.C. 145(3) (2025); audubon.org; the plate

Printed “Traill's Flycatcher”

Willow Flycatcher

Empidonax traillii

  • Judged
  • Drawn before a split
  • Tyrant Flycatchers · Tyrannidae

Why

Audubon's “Traill's Flycatcher” (Muscicapa traillii) is Traill's Flycatcher before the 1973 split: Halley (2025) shows that his one bird, shot at Arkansas Post on 17 April 1822 when both species are on migration there, cannot be named as an Alder or a Willow Flycatcher, so the plate is listed under both. Halley's neotype keeps the name traillii with the Willow Flycatcher

Sources

engraved legend; Halley, Bull. B.O.C. 145(3) (2025); audubon.org; the plate

Who made the plate

Drawn from Nature & Published by John J. Audubon, F. R. S. E. F. L. S. M. W. S.Engraved by R. Havell, Junr. Printed & Coloured, by R. Havell, Senr. London_1828.

As the credit line gives it. More on who made these plates.