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Historical bird plates

Folios

Audubon, The Birds of America
Gould, The Birds of Europe
Gould, The Birds of Australia
Gould, The Birds of Asia
Gould, The Birds of Great Britain

Species Artists About Data

Plates / Species / Red Crossbill

Finches, Euphonias, and Allies · Fringillidae · Passeriformes

Red Crossbill

Loxia curvirostra

4 plates in 4 folios.

Audubon, 1827–38Plate 197“American Crossbill”
Europe, 1832–37Plate 202“Common Crossbill”
Asia, 1850–83Volume V, plate 41“Himalayan Crossbill”
Britain, 1862–73Volume III, plate 45“Common Crossbill”

eBird
Wikidata
GBIF
Avibase

Every plate of five nineteenth-century bird folios, identified to modern species. The tables are CC0; the plates are in the public domain.

Gould scans: Smithsonian Libraries and Archives, via the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Havell scans: courtesy of the John James Audubon Center at Mill Grove, Montgomery County Audubon Collection, and Zebra Publishing.

Cite: Riley, W. Historical bird plates: modern identifications. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.22964828